Derry Girls
In the late 12th Century the Anglo-Normans invaded Ireland
In the early 16th Century (1500-talet) both England & Ireland were Catholics. In Europe the German Martin Luther started protesting against corruption within the Catholic church. He got more and more followers - they were named "protestants". This movement spread to England, but Irish people connected the protestant movement with British colonization & were not interested. Thus the English people became protestants and Irish remained Catholics.
Catholicism and Protestantism are two branches of Christianity. One large difference is the authority of the Pope.
In the late 16th century, frustrated by continuing native Irish resistance, Protestant England carried out an aggressive plan to fully colonize Ireland and stamp out Irish Catholicism.
"Plantations" = they "planted" hundreds of thousands of protestants in different places on the island. England's most ambitious plantation was in the northern parts. Two different communities with different cultures, political views, economic histories & religious beliefs shared one region. Ulster = Northern Ireland.
Whose Ireland is it?
Over the next two centuries, Ulster’s identity transformed into a political fight over the future of Ireland.
“Unionists” – most often Protestants – wanted Ireland to remain part of the United Kingdom. “Nationalists” – most often Catholics – wanted self-government for Ireland.
These fights played out in political debates, the media, sports, pubs – and, often, in street violence.
***************************************
In the mid-19th century, the Great Famine (1845-1851) resulted in the death or emigration of over two million people. At the time, trade agreements were controlled by the British government and whilst millions were suffering from hunger, Irish harvests of wheat and dairy products were exported to Britain and other overseas territories.
In the 1918 Irish general election, Sinn Féin won a majority of Irish seats and in 1919 these elected MPs declared the independence of the Irish Republic and set of their own parliament.
Great Britain kept a part of the northern island: Northern Ireland. This part had a Protestant and Unionist majority who wanted to maintain ties to Britain
*****************************************
The Troubles = 1968-98 refers to the three-decade conflict between nationalists (mainly self-identified as Irish or Roman Catholic) and unionists (mainly self-identified as British or Protestant). The word "troubles" has been used as a synonym for violent conflict for centuries. Of a population of about 1.5 million - over 3,500 perople were killed and up to 50,000 injured over a thirty year period.
The Catholics were a minority in Northern Ireland and felt they were constantly being discriminated by the Protestants.
Violence regularly broke out, notably at a People’s Democracy march from Belfast to Derry which was attacked by loyalists. This led to increasingly bitter rioting between the Catholic population, especially in Derry. The unrest culminated in a series of severe riots across Northern Ireland in August 12-17, 1969 in which 8 people were killed, hundreds of homes destroyed and 1,800 people displaced.
Bloody Sunday is one of the tragic attacks that took place during "The Troubles". This tragic event inspired U2's hit “Sunday Bloody Sunday,” took place January 30th, 1972, when members of the British Army opened fire on a group of unarmed civil rights protesters in the Northern Irish town of Derry, killing 14, including seven teenagers.
Sunday bloody Sunday
"Zombie"
It's an anti-terrorism song. It's not a nationalist or unionist song." SDLP leader Colum Eastwood wrote that "'Zombie' is an anti-war song written after the IRA killed 2 children in Warrington", adding that criticism of nationalist violence is not an endorsement (godkännande) of loyalist violence, writing "Most of us opposed both"
Child is slowly taken
And the violence caused such silence
Who are we mistaken
But you see it's not me
It's not my family
In your head, in your head
They are fighting
With their tanks and their bombs
And their bombs and their guns
In your head, in your head
They are cryin'
In your head, in your head
Zombie, zombie, zombie, hey, hey
What's in your head, in your head
Zombie, zombie, zombie, hey, hey, hey, oh
Dou, dou, dou, dou
Dou, dou, dou, dou
Dou, dou, dou, dou
Dou, dou, dou, dou
Another mother's breakin'
Heart is taking over
When the violence causes silence
We must be mistaken
It's the same old theme
Since nineteen-sixteen
In your head, in your head
They're still fightin'
With their tanks and their bombs
And their bombs and their guns
In your head, in your head
They are dyin'
In your head, in your head
Zombie, zombie, zombie, hey, hey
What's in your head, in your head
Zombie, zombie, zombie, hey, hey, hey
Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh
Hey, oh, ya, ya-a
The IRA = Irish Republican Army.The Irish Republican Army (IRA; Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann) was an Irish republican revolutionary paramilitary organisation. Their purpose was to use armed force to render British rule in Ireland.
Sinn Féin = the largest Irish republican political party, and was historically associated with the IRA. Not officially though. The goal was to remove the British rule and unite Ireland once again.
Good Friday Agreement = The Belfast Agreement is also known as the Good Friday Agreement, because it was reached on Good Friday, 10 April 1998. It was an agreement between the British and Irish governments, and most of the political parties in Northern Ireland, on how Northern Ireland should be governed.
The Omagh bombing was a car bombing on 15 August 1998 in the town of Omagh in Northern Ireland, It was carried out by a group calling themselves the Real Irish Republican Army (Real IRA), a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) splinter group who opposed the IRA's ceasefire and the Good Friday Agreement, signed earlier in the year. The bombing killed 29 people and injured about 220 others, making it the deadliest single incident of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Telephoned warnings which did not specify the actual location had been sent almost forty minutes beforehand but police inadvertently moved people toward the bomb. Setback + opposite effect.
Northern Ireland - peace prize
Today 45% Catholics & 30% Protestants.
Famous people from Northern Ireland:
Liam Neeson - actor
Jamie Dornan - actor
George Best - football player (Manchester United)
.webp)
Rory Mcllroy - golf player
Game of Thrones
Derry - The city is often regarded as "the cockpit of the Troubles".
It's official name is London-Derry. "London" was added to "Derry" in the 17th Century by an English king. Catholics call the city Derry and many Protestans "London-Derry".
On Sunday 30 January 1972, 13 unarmed civilians were shot dead by British paratroopers during a civil rights march. Another 13 were wounded and one further man later died of his wounds. This event came to be known as Bloody Sunday.
Kommentarer
Skicka en kommentar