Wednesday
In the late 12th Century the Anglo-Normans invaded Ireland.
For several hundreds of years British people emigrated to Ireland. They were protestants and the Irish were Catholics.
In the mid-19th century, the Great Famine (1845-1851) resulted in the death or emigration of over two million people. It is estimated that over 6 million Irish people have emigrated to the US since 1820. The peak of Irish emigration resulted from the Great Famine of 1845-1852. It has been estimated that nearly two million people - about a quarter of the population - emigrated to the United States in a ten year period at that time.
At the time, trade agreements were controlled by the British government and whilst millions were suffering from hunger, Irish harvests of wheat and dairy products were exported to Britain and other overseas territories.
Political party founded in Dublin 1905. They led the fight for independence of Ireland from the British. They still exists and still wants total indepence. They want Ireland and Northern Ireland to become ONE.
In the 1918 Irish general election, Sinn Féin won a majority of Irish seats and in 1919 the independence of the Irish Republic was declared. And Ireland got their own parliament. Great Britain kept a part of the northern island: Northern Ireland. This part had a Protestant and Unionist majority who wanted to maintain ties to Britain. There were also Catholics living in Northern Ireland, they were in minority.
The IRA = Irish Republican Army.
Sinn Féin is the largest Irish republican political party, and was historically associated with the IRA. Not officially though. The goal was to remove the British rule and unite Ireland once again. They do not exist anymore.
The Troubles = 1968-98 refers to the three-decade conflict between nationalists (Catholics) and unionists (British or Protestants). The word "troubles" has been used as a synonym for violent conflict for centuries. Of a population of about 1.5 million - over 3,500 perople were killed and up to 50,000 injured over a thirty year period.
The Catholics were a minority in Northern Ireland and felt they were constantly being discriminated by the Protestants.
Violence regularly broke out, notably at a People’s Democracy march from Belfast to Derry. This led to increasingly bitter rioting between the Catholic population, especially in Derry. The unrest culminated in a series of severe riots across Northern Ireland in August 1969 in which several people were killed.
Bloody Sunday is one of the tragic attacks that took place during "The Troubles". This took place on January 30th, 1972, when members of the British Army opened fire on a group of unarmed civil rights protesters in the Northern Irish town of Derry, killing 14, including seven teenagers.
This tragic event inspired U2's hit “Sunday Bloody Sunday,”
U2 - an Irish rock band formed in Dublin in 1976.
U2 have released 15 studio albums and are one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold an estimated 150–170 million records worldwide. They have won 22 Grammy Awards—the most of any band—and in 2005, they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Throughout their career, as a band and as individuals, they have campaigned for human rights and social justice causes
The Warrington bombings were two bomb attacks that took place during early 1993 in Warrington, England. Tim Parry and three-year-old Johnathan Ball died when two bombs hidden inside litter bins exploded in Warrington on 20 March 1993, while 54 were injured.
The Cranberries, an Irish rock band, wrote their song “Zombie” about the IRA Warrington Bombings. The song voiced anger toward the death of the children.
The song was another cry of frustration about the unresolved conflict and the continued violence. The song was popular in Irish culture and important to Unionists, who were most impacted by the IRA bombings. It was important to many to have an influential Irish band speak out on the events.
Good Friday Agreement = The Belfast Agreement is also known as the Good Friday Agreement, because it was reached on Good Friday 1998. It was an agreement between the British and Irish governments, and most of the political parties in Northern Ireland, on how Northern Ireland should be governed.
The Omagh bombing was a car bombing on 15 August 1998 in the town of Omagh in Northern Ireland, It was carried out by a group calling themselves the Real Irish Republican Army (Real IRA), a splinter group who opposed the IRA's ceasefire and the Good Friday Agreement, signed earlier in the year. The bombing killed 29 people and injured about 220 others, making it the deadliest single incident of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Telephoned warnings which did not specify the actual location had been sent almost forty minutes beforehand but police inadvertently moved people toward the bomb.
In 1969, the first Belfast peace walls were erected during the beginning of the civil unrest known as 'The Troubles'. The initial set up of the peace walls was constructed by the British Army which was called in after intense street riots broke out in Belfast that same year.
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